@article {Miensopust2013,
	title = {{Magnetotelluric 3-D inversion{\textendash}a review of two successful workshops on forward and inversion code testing and comparison}},
	journal = {Geophysical Journal International},
	volume = {193},
	number = {3},
	year = {2013},
	month = {mar},
	pages = {1216{\textendash}1238},
	abstract = {Over the last half decade the need for, and importance of, three-dimensional (3-D) modelling of magnetotelluric (MT) data have increased dramatically and various 3-D forward and inversion codes are in use and some have become commonly available. Comparison of forward responses and inversion results is an important step for code testing and validation prior to {\textquoteright}production{\textquoteright} use. The various codes use different mathematical approximations to the problem (finite differences, finite elements or integral equations), various orientations of the coordinate system, different sign conventions for the time dependence and various inversion strategies. Additionally, the obtained results are dependent on data analysis, selection and correction as well as on the chosen mesh, inversion parameters and regularization adopted, and therefore, a careful and knowledge-based use of the codes is essential. In 2008 and 2011, during two workshops at the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies over 40 people from academia (scientists and students) and industry from around the world met to discuss 3-D MT inversion. These workshops brought together a mix of code writers as well as code users to assess the current status of 3-D modelling, to compare the results of different codes, and to discuss and think about future improvements and new aims in 3-D modelling. To test the numerical forward solutions, two 3-D models were designed to compare the responses obtained by different codes and/or users. Furthermore, inversion results of these two data sets and two additional data sets obtained from unknown models (secret models) were also compared. In this manuscript the test models and data sets are described (supplementary files are available) and comparisons of the results are shown. Details regarding the used data, forward and inversion parameters as well as computational power are summarized for each case, and the main discussion points of the workshops are reviewed. In general, the responses obtained from the various forward models are comfortingly very similar, and discrepancies are mainly related to the adopted mesh. For the inversions, the results show how the inversion outcome is affected by distortion and the choice of errors, as well as by the completeness of the data set. We hope that these compilations will become useful not only for those that were involved in the workshops, but for the entire MT community and also the broader geoscience community who may be interested in the resolution offered by MT. {\textcopyright} The Authors 2013. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Royal Astronomical Society.},
	keywords = {Geomagnetic induction, Inverse theory, Magnetotelluric, Numerical solutions},
	issn = {0956-540X},
	doi = {10.1093/gji/ggt066},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84879858225\&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},
	author = {Miensopust, M. P. and Queralt, P. and Jones, A. G.}
}
@inbook {Gracia2012,
	title = {{A Margem Sul Portuguesa profunda}},
	booktitle = {Geologia de Portugal},
	year = {2012},
	pages = {961{\textendash}987},
	keywords = {Estratigrafia, Geologia regional, Margem Sul Portuguesa, Morfotect{\'o}nica, Sismotect{\'o}nica},
	url = {http://repositorio.lneg.pt/handle/10400.9/2252},
	author = {Gr{\'a}cia, Eul{\`a}lia and Gutscher, Marc-Andr{\'e} and Louren{\c c}o, Nuno and Abreu, M. P.}
}
@mastersthesis {Cameselle2010,
	title = {{Mapping of Sedimentary Bodies by 3D Seismic Reflection Data: Application to the pre-Messinian Ebro Margin}},
	number = {September},
	year = {2010},
	school = {Universitat de Barcelona \{\&\} Universitat Ram\{\'o}\}n Llull},
	type = {phd},
	author = {Cameselle, Alejandra L}
}
@conference {Tahchi2010,
	title = {{Mass wasting at the easternmost Cyprus Arc, Off Syria, Eastern Mediterranean}},
	booktitle = {Submarine Mass Movements and Their Consequences - 4th International Symposium},
	year = {2010},
	pages = {323{\textendash}334},
	publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
	organization = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
	abstract = {The seafloor topography at the easternmost deformation front between the African and the Anatolian plate off Syria is dominated by the Latakia Ridge, which obliquely intersects the Syrian margin. In this study, we investigate post-Miocene depositional processes of this topographically intricate area and their relationship with mass-wasting phenomena by means of bathymetric, multi-channel seismic reflection and sediment sub-bottom profiler data. Northward of the Latakia Ridge, the Latakia Slope is characterized by steep scarps of up to 500 m height. The Pliocene-Quaternary strata are truncated by the scarps, which are located in the upward prolongation of normal fault planes. Some scarps are from erosion or non-deposition as a consequence of contour currents. Evidence for recent active tectonics is also present in the Latakia Ridge. A basement outcrop along the crest of the northern Latakia Ridge presumably reflects the transtensional faulting of this easternmost section of the African-Anatolian deformation front. The western side of the northern Latakia Ridge shows evidence of more cohesive slumping, probably owing to the overconsolidated nature of the sediment. Here a potential future slide of 11 km3 associated with a rotational fault has been identified. The sedimentary and tectonic setting has resulted in frequent mass wasting. Abundant scars and debris flow-like deposits have been observed on the flanking slopes of the Latakia canyon and the Syrian Margin. The Latakia canyon is fed by several tributary canyons which are incised into the Syrian Slope. Steep slopes, high sediment accumulation rates and active strike-slip tectonics appear to have a fundamental role in submarine mass-failure initiation. Mass-failure characteristics indicate that geohazards may exist from subsequent potential tsunami generation. {\textcopyright} Springer Science + Business Media B.V. 2010.},
	keywords = {Contour current, Debris-flow deposits, Mass failure, Seafloor bathymetry, Syrian Margin},
	isbn = {9789048130702},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84903484606\&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},
	author = {Tahchi, E. and Urgeles, R. and H{\"u}bscher, C. and Benkhelil, J.}
}
@article {Kormann2009,
	title = {{Modelling Seismic Oceanography Experiments by Using First- and Second-Order Complex Frequency Shifted Perfectly Matched Layers}},
	journal = {Acta Acustica united with Acustica},
	volume = {95},
	number = {6},
	year = {2009},
	month = {nov},
	pages = {1104{\textendash}1111},
	abstract = {This work investigates the ability of modelling seismic oceanography experiments by using underwater acoustic propagation equations. Seismic oceanography tries to retrieve the fine structure of the ocean water masses by processing the acoustic waves reflected in the low-contrast interfaces of fronts, eddies, internal waves or thermohaline intrusions. Since the reflectivity of such interfaces is of order 10-3-10-4, the absorption capability of the numerical boundaries becomes crucial. Complex Frequency Shifted offers a better alternative to classical Perfectly Matched Layer formulation, but has not yet been extended to acoustic equations. Here, first- and second-order Complex Frequency Shifted Perfectly Matched Layers equations are proposed which can provide reflection coefficients of order 10-5. Therefore, a numerical Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) scheme combined with the proposed CFS-PML equations is able to model such experiments. {\textcopyright} S. Hirzel Verlag {\textperiodcentered} EAA.},
	issn = {16101928},
	doi = {10.3813/AAA.918242},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77149123321\&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},
	author = {Kormann, Jean and Cobo, Pedro and Recuero, Manuel and Biescas, Berta and Sallares, Valenti}
}
@article {Bartolome2009,
	title = {{Multiscale seismic imaging of active faults at sea}},
	journal = {Sea Technology},
	volume = {50},
	number = {2},
	year = {2009},
	pages = {10{\textendash}14},
	issn = {00933651},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-62749191283\&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},
	author = {Bartolom{\'e}, Rafael and Iacono, Claudio Lo and Gr{\'a}cia, Eul{\`a}lia}
}
@article {Latham2008a,
	title = {{Modelling of massive particulates for breakwater engineering using coupled FEMDEM and CFD}},
	journal = {Particuology},
	volume = {6},
	number = {6},
	year = {2008},
	month = {dec},
	pages = {572{\textendash}583},
	abstract = {The seaward slope of many breakwaters consists of thousands of interlocking units of rock or concrete comprising a massive granular system of large elements each weighing tens of tonnes. The dumped quarry materials in the core are protected by progressively coarser particulates. The outer armour layer of freely placed units is intended to both dissipate wave energy and remain structurally stable as strong flows are drawn in and out of the particulate core. Design guidance on the mass and shape of these units is based on empirical equations derived from scaled physical model tests. The main failure mode for armour layers exposed to severe storms is hydraulic instability where the armour units of concrete or rock are subjected to uplift and drag forces which can in turn lead to rocking, displacement and collisions sufficient to cause breakage of units. Recently invented armour unit designs making up such granular layered system owe much of their success to the desirable emergent properties of interlock and porosity and how these combine with individual unit structural strength and inertial mass. Fundamental understanding of the forces governing such wave-structure interaction remains poor. We use discrete element and combined finite-discrete element methods to model the granular solid skeleton of randomly packed units coupled to a CFD code which resolves the wave dynamics through an interface tracking technique. The CFD code exploits several methods including a compressive advection scheme, node movement, and general mesh optimization. We provide the engineering context and report progress towards the numerical modelling of instability in these massive granular systems. {\textcopyright} 2008 Chinese Society of Particuology and Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences.},
	keywords = {Armour units, Breakwater, DEM, Modelling, Wave-structure interaction},
	issn = {16742001},
	doi = {10.1016/j.partic.2008.07.010},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-57049161892\&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},
	author = {Latham, John-Paul and Munjiza, Antonio and Mindel, Julian and Xiang, Jiansheng and Guises, Romain and Garcia, Xavier and Pain, Chris and Gorman, Gerard and Piggott, Matthew}
}
@article {Klaucke2008,
	title = {{Multifrequency geoacoustic imaging of fluid escape structures offshore Costa Rica: Implications for the quantification of seep processes}},
	journal = {Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems},
	volume = {9},
	number = {4},
	year = {2008},
	month = {apr},
	pages = {n/a{\textendash}n/a},
	abstract = {Quantification of fluid fluxes from cold seeps depends on accurate estimates of the spatial validity of flux measurements. These estimates are strongly influenced by the choice of geoacoustic mapping tools. Multibeam bathymetry, side-scan sonar, and Chirp subbottom profiler data of several mound-shaped cold seeps offshore central Costa Rica show great variety in morphology and structure although the features are only a few kilometers apart. Mound 11 (a 35 m high and 1000 m in diameter structure), situated in the SE of the study area, has an irregular morphology but a smooth surface on side-scan sonar data, while mound 12 (30 m high, 600 m across) is a cone of more regular outline but with a rough surface, and mound Grillo (5 m high, 500 m across) shows the same rough surface as mound 12 but without relief. Video observations and sediment cores indicate that the structures are formed by the precipitation of authigenic carbonates and indications for extensive mud extrusion are absent, except for one possible mudflow at mound 11. Different sonar frequencies result in variable estimates of the extent of these mounds with low frequencies suggesting much wider cold seeps, consequently overestimating fluid fluxes. The absence of mud volcanism compared to accretionary prisms where mud volcanism occurs is related to different tectonic styles: strong sediment overpressure and thrust faulting in typical accretionary prisms can generate mud volcanism, while subduction erosion and normal faulting (extension) of the overriding plate at the Costa Rican margin result in fluid venting driven by only slight fluid overpressures. Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union.},
	keywords = {Cold seeps, Costa Rica, Side-scan sonar},
	issn = {15252027},
	doi = {10.1029/2007GC001708},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-71749104881\&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},
	author = {Klaucke, Ingo and Masson, Douglas G. and Petersen, C. J{\"o}rg and Weinrebe, Wilhelm and Ranero, Cesar R.}
}
