@article {Arroyo2014,
	title = {{Interplate seismicity at the CRISP drilling site: The 2002 Mw 6.4 Osa Earthquake at the southeastern end of the Middle America Trench}},
	journal = {Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems},
	volume = {15},
	number = {7},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {3035{\textendash}3050},
	publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd},
	abstract = {We investigate potential relations between variations in seafloor relief and age of the incoming plate and interplate seismicity. Westward from Osa Peninsula in Costa Rica, a major change in the character of the incoming Cocos Plate is displayed by abrupt lateral variations in seafloor depth and thermal structure. Here a Mw 6.4 thrust earthquake was followed by three aftershock clusters in June 2002. Initial relocations indicate that the main shock occurred fairly trenchward of most large earthquakes along the Middle America Trench off central Costa Rica. The earthquake sequence occurred while a temporary network of OBH and land stations \~{}80 km to the northwest were deployed. By adding readings from permanent local stations, we obtain uncommon P wave coverage of a large subduction zone earthquake. We relocate this catalog using a nonlinear probabilistic approach within both, a 1-D and a 3-D P wave velocity models. The main shock occurred \~{}25 km from the trench and probably along the plate interface at 5-10 km depth. We analyze teleseismic data to further constrain the rupture process of the main shock. The best depth estimates indicate that most of the seismic energy was radiated at shallow depth below the continental slope, supporting the nucleation of the Osa earthquake at \~{}6 km depth. The location and depth coincide with the plate boundary imaged in prestack depth-migrated reflection lines shot near the nucleation area. Aftershocks propagated downdip to the area of a 1999 Mw 6.9 sequence and partially overlapped it. The results indicate that underthrusting of the young and buoyant Cocos Ridge has created conditions for interplate seismogenesis shallower and closer to the trench axis than elsewhere along the central Costa Rica margin. {\textcopyright} 2014. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.},
	keywords = {earthquake relocation, erosional margin, interplate drilling},
	issn = {15252027},
	doi = {10.1002/2014GC005359},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84906266765\&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},
	author = {Arroyo, Ivonne G. and Grevemeyer, Ingo and Ranero, Cesar R. and von Huene, Roland}
}
@book {Sassa2014,
	title = {{Landslide Science for a Safer Geoenvironment}},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {483{\textendash}489},
	publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
	organization = {Springer International Publishing},
	address = {Cham},
	keywords = {ardizzone, cardinali f, f, fiorucci f, geological layers slip ellipsoid, GIS, guzzetti, i, marchesini m, santangelo m, slope stability open source},
	isbn = {978-3-319-05049-2},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-05050-8},
	url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-319-05050-8},
	author = {Marchesini, Ivan and Mergili, Martin and Rossi, Mauro and Santangelo, Michele and Cardinali, Mauro and Ardizzone, Francesca and Fiorucci, Federica and Schneider-muntau, Barbara and Fellin, Wolfgang and Guzzetti, Fausto},
	editor = {Sassa, Kyoji and Canuti, Paolo and Yin, Yueping}
}
@article {LoIacono2014a,
	title = {{Submarine canyons of north-western Sicily (Southern Tyrrhenian Sea): Variability in morphology, sedimentary processes and evolution on a tectonically active margin}},
	journal = {Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography},
	volume = {104},
	year = {2014},
	month = {jun},
	pages = {93{\textendash}105},
	publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},
	abstract = {Swath-bathymetry, mono-channel and multi-channel seismic reflection records acquired during the last two decades on the northern Sicilian margin have unveiled a dense network of submarine canyons within the depth range of 80-2100. m. The canyons display a relevant variability in their geometry, morphology and sedimentary processes. The margin shows a young, tectonically active shelf to slope setting, linking the Sicilian-Maghrebian Thrust Belt to the Tyrrhenian oceanic realm, developed during the Neogene-Quaternary time span. The aim of this study is to highlight the main governing factors that contributed to the evolution and differentiation of the northern Sicilian canyons, mainly focusing on the Gulf of Palermo and on the Gulf of Castellammare. Tectonic control is more evident in the canyons of the Gulf of Palermo, with submarine landslides retrograding on a steep slope and mainly controlling their evolution. Otherwise, canyons, tributaries and gullies mapped in the Gulf of Castellammare developed on a less steep substrate and display sinuous to meandering paths, with a relevant role of coastal/shelf sedimentary inputs and downslope turbidity processes in their formation. Results suggest that, despite the geographically close proximity of the two study areas, the different structural settings of the Castellammare and Palermo Basins are mainly responsible for canyon variability. Data indicate likely on-going uplift and tilting movements along the Sicilian margin, influencing the development of the studied canyons, which have probably been more active during the Quaternary glacial maxima than they are in the present day. {\textcopyright} 2013 Elsevier Ltd.},
	keywords = {landslides, Seismic data, Sicily, Southern Tyrrhenian Sea, Submarine canyons, swath-bathymetry, tectonics},
	issn = {09670645},
	doi = {10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.06.018},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84901673777\&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},
	author = {Lo Iacono, Claudio and Sulli, Attilio and Agate, Mauro}
}
@inbook {LoIacono2014b,
	title = {{Submarine Mass Movements Along a Sediment Starved Margin: The Menorca Channel (Balearic Islands {\textendash} Western Mediterranean)}},
	booktitle = {Submarine Mass Movements and Their Consequences},
	year = {2014},
	month = {mar},
	pages = {329{\textendash}338},
	publisher = {Springer International},
	organization = {Springer International},
	abstract = {The Malta-Sicily Escarpment (MSE) is a steep carbonate escarpment that appears to have largely remained isolated from inputs of fluvial and littoral sediments since the Messinian Salinity Crisis. Mass movement activity has so far only been inferred from sediment cores at the base of the MSE. In this study we use geophysical and sedimentological data acquired from the upper MSE and outer Malta Plateau to: (i) map and characterise the dominant forms of mass movements, and (ii) determine the nature and origin of these mass movements, and their role in the evolution of the MSE. We document 67 mass movement scars across 370 km2 of seafloor. Slope instability entailed translational slides, spreads and debris flows that mobilised Plio-Pleistocene outer shelf hemipelagic/pelagic sediments or carbonate sequences across the upper continental slope. Slope failure events are caused by loss of support associated with the formation of channels, gullies, canyon heads and fault-related escarpments. Mass movements play a key role in eroding the seafloor and transferring material to the lower MSE. In particular, they control the extent of headward and lateral extension of submarine canyons, facilitate tributary development, remove material from the continental shelf and slope, and feed sediment and drive its transport across the submarine canyon system.},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-00972-8\_29 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00972-8\_29>).},
	url = {http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/362811/},
	author = {Lo Iacono, Claudio and Urgeles, Roger and Polizzi, S. and Griny{\'o}, J. and Druet, M. and Agate, M. and Gili, J.M. and Acosta, J.}
}
@conference {Bartolome2014,
	title = {{TSUJAL project and marine survey: Crustal characterization of the Rivera Plate-Jalisco Block boundary and its implications for seismic and tsunami hazard assessment5) TSUJAL Working Group: D}},
	booktitle = {2nd Iberian meeting on active faults and paleoseismology {\textendash} IBERFAULT 2014},
	year = {2014},
	month = {oct},
	doi = {10.13140/2.1.3949.1524},
	url = {http://www.researchgate.net/publication/267514007\_TSUJAL\_project\_and\_marine\_survey\_Crustal\_characterization\_of\_the\_Rivera\_Plate-Jalisco\_Block\_boundary\_and\_its\_implications\_for\_seismic\_and\_tsunami\_hazard\_assessment5)\_TSUJAL\_Working\},
	author = {Bartolom{\'e}, R and Cordoba and Nu{\~n}ez-Corn{\'u} and Da{\~n}obeitia and Alonso, J.L. and Cameselle, A.L. and Castellon, A. and Estrada, F. and Perea, H. and Prada, M.}
}
@article {LoIacono2014316,
	title = {{The West Melilla cold water coral mounds, Eastern Alboran Sea: Morphological characterization and environmental context}},
	journal = {Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography},
	volume = {99},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {316{\textendash}326},
	abstract = {Abstract A new mound field, the West Melilla mounds, interpreted as being cold-water coral mounds, has been recently unveiled along the upper slope of the Mediterranean Moroccan continental margin, a few kilometers west of the Cape Tres Forcas. This study is based on the integration of high-resolution geophysical data (swath bathymetry, parametric sub-bottom profiler), \{CTD\} casts, Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP), \{ROV\} video and seafloor sampling, acquired during the \{TOPOMED\} \{GASSIS\} (2011) and \{MELCOR\} (2012) cruises. Up to 103 mounds organized in two main clusters have been recognized in a depth range of 299{\textendash}590 m, displaying a high density of 5 mounds/km2. Mounds, 1{\textendash}48 m high above the surrounding seafloor and on average 260 m wide, are actually buried by a 1{\textendash}12 m thick fine-grained sediment blanket. Seismic data suggest that the West Melilla mounds grew throughout the Early Pleistocene{\textendash}Holocene, settling on erosive unconformities and mass movement deposits. During the last glacial{\textendash}interglacial transition, the West Melilla mounds may have suffered a drastic change of the local sedimentary regime during the late Holocene and, unable to stand increasing depositional rates, were progressively buried. At the present day, temperature and salinity values on the West Melilla mounds suggest a plausible oceanographic setting, suitable for live CWCs. Nonetheless, more data is required to groundtruth the West Melilla mounds and better constrain the interplay of sedimentary and oceanographic factors during the evolution of the West Melilla mounds.},
	keywords = {Alboran Sea, high-resolution seismics, Quaternary, Swath mapping, \{CWC\} mounds},
	issn = {0967-0645},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.07.006},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0967064513002786},
	author = {Iacono, Claudio Lo and Gr{\'a}cia, Eul{\`a}lia and Ranero, C{\'e}sar R and Emelianov, Mikhail and Huvenne, Veerle A I and Bartolom{\'e}, Rafael and Booth-Rea, Guillermo and Prades, Javier and Ambroso, Stefano and Dominguez, Carlos and Griny{\'o}, Jordi and Rubio, Eduardo and Torrent, Josep}
}
@article {Alcalde2013481,
	title = {{3-D reflection seismic imaging of the hontom{\'\i}n structure in the basque-cantabrian Basin (Spain)}},
	journal = {Solid Earth},
	volume = {4},
	number = {2},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {481{\textendash}496},
	abstract = {The Basque-Cantabrian Basin of the northern Iberia Peninsula constitutes a unique example of a major deformation system, featuring a dome structure developed by extensional tectonics followed by compressional reactivation. The occurrence of natural resources in the area and the possibility of establishing a geological storage site for carbon dioxide motivated the acquisition of a 3-D seismic reflection survey in 2010, centered on the Jurassic Hontom{\'\i}n dome. The objectives of this survey were to obtain a geological model of the overall structure and to establish a baseline model for a possible geological CO2 storage site. The 36 km2 survey included approximately 5000 mixed (Vibroseis and explosives) source points recorded with a 25 m inline source and receiver spacing. The target reservoir is a saline aquifer, at approximately 1450 m depth, encased and sealed by carbonate formations. Acquisition and processing parameters were influenced by the rough topography and relatively complex geology. A strong near-surface velocity inversion is evident in the data, affecting the quality of the data. The resulting 3-D image provides constraints on the key features of the geologic model. The Hontom{\'\i}n structure is interpreted to consist of an approximately 10 7 m2 large elongated dome with two major (W-E and NW-SE) striking faults bounding it. Preliminary capacity estimates indicate that about 1.2 Gt of CO2 can be stored in the target reservoir. {\textcopyright} 2013 Author(s).},
	doi = {10.5194/se-4-481-2013},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84893313475\&partnerID=40\&md5=9d3f67fb71a49a58d6a7a48c1da54f43},
	author = {Alcalde, J.a b and Mart{\'\i}, D.a and Juhlin, C.c and Malehmir, A.c and Sopher, D.c and Saura, E.a and Marz{\'a}n, I.a and Ayarza, P.d and Calahorrano, A.e and P{\'e}rez-Esta{\'u}n, A.a b and Carbonell, R.a}
}
@booklet {Volpi2013,
	title = {{Late Neogene to Recent seafloor instability on the deep Pacific margin of the Antarctic Peninsula}},
	year = {2013},
	month = {mar},
	publisher = {SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology)},
	abstract = {17 pages, 12 figures, 1 table},
	keywords = {Antarctic Peninsula, contourite sedimentation, Pacific margin, Slope instability},
	isbn = {isbn: 978-1-56576-287-9},
	url = {http://digital.csic.es/handle/10261/72631},
	author = {Volpi, Valentina and Amblas, David and Camerlenghi, Angelo and Canals, Miquel and Rebesco, M. and Urgeles, Roger}
}
@article {Alfaro2012,
	title = {{The Bajo Segura Fault Zone: Active blind thrusting in the Eastern Betic Cordillera (SE Spain)}},
	journal = {Journal of Iberian Geology},
	volume = {38},
	number = {1},
	year = {2012},
	month = {sep},
	pages = {287{\textendash}300},
	abstract = {The Bajo Segura Fault Zone, located at the NE end of the Eastern Betic Shear Zone, has been the site of some of the most intense seismic activity on the Iberian Peninsula in the historical and instrumental time periods. This structure is an active blind fault that does not show any surface rupture. It is characterised by a set of ENE-WSW trending blind thrust faults that offset the Triassic basement and cause active folding of the Upper Miocene-Quaternary sedimentary cover. The main active structures of this fault zone are two ENE-WSW striking reverse blind faults, the Torremendo and the Bajo Segura Faults, and several secondary NW-SE striking dextral faults (San Miguel de Salinas, Torrevieja and Guardamar Faults). These structures continue offshore to the east. From geological, geomorphological and geodetic data, we obtain fault slip rates between 0.2 and 0.4 mm/yr, whereas other authors have proposed higher values ranging between 0.75 and 1 mm/yr. The fault zone can generate earthquakes with maximum estimated magnitudes (Mw) from 6.6 to 7.1 and has approximate recurrence intervals between 4.500 and 21.500 years.},
	keywords = {Active blind thrust, Bajo segura fault, Eastern betic shear zone, Palaeoseismology, Slip rate},
	issn = {1886-7995},
	doi = {10.5209/rev\_JIGE.2012.v38.n1.39217},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84861777780\&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},
	author = {Alfaro, P. and Bartolom{\'e}, R and Borque, M.J. and Est{\'e}vez, A. and Garc{\'\i}a-Mayordomo, J. and Garc{\'\i}a-Tortosa, F.J. and Gil, A.J. and Gr{\`a}cia, E. and Lo Iacono, C. and Perea, H.}
}
@article {Szpak2012,
	title = {{Geophysical and geochemical survey of a large marine pockmark on the Malin Shelf, Ireland}},
	journal = {Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems},
	volume = {13},
	number = {1},
	year = {2012},
	month = {jan},
	pages = {n/a{\textendash}n/a},
	abstract = {Marine pockmarks are a specific type of seabed geological setting resembling craters or pits and are considered seabed surface expressions of fluid flow in the subsurface. A large composite pockmark on the Malin Shelf, off the northern coast of Ireland was surveyed and ground truthed to assess its activity and investigate fluid related processes in the subsurface. Geophysical (including acoustic and electromagnetic) data confirmed the subsurface presence of signatures typical of fluids within the sediment. Shallow seismic profiling revealed a large shallow gas pocket and typical gas related indicators such as acoustic blanking and enhanced reflectors present underneath and around the large pockmark. Sulphate profiles indicate that gas from the shallow reservoir has been migrating upwards, at least recently. However, there are no chimney structures observed in the sub-bottom data and the migration pathways are not apparent. Electromagnetic data show slightly elevated electrical conductivity on the edges of the pockmarks and a drop below regional levels within the confines of the pockmark, suggesting changes in physical properties of the sediment. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) experiments were employed to characterize the organic component of sediments from selected depths. Very strong microbial signatures were evident in all NMR spectra but microbes outside the pockmark appear to be much more active than inside. These observations coincide with spikes in conductivity and the lateral gas bearing body suggesting that there is an increase in microbial activity and biomass when gas is present. Copyright 2012 by the American Geophysical Union.},
	keywords = {electromagnetic, Malin Shelf, microbial, NMR, organic matter, pockmark},
	issn = {15252027},
	doi = {10.1029/2011GC003787},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84856247401\&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},
	author = {Szpak, M. T. and Monteys, X. and O{\textquoteright}Reilly, S. and Simpson, A. J. and Garcia, X. and Evans, R. L. and Allen, C. C. R. and McNally, D. J. and Courtier-Murias, D. and Kelleher, B. P.}
}
@inbook {LoIacono2012,
	title = {{The habitats of the Chella Bank. Eastern Alboran Sea (Western Mediterranean)}},
	booktitle = {Seafloor Geomorphology as Benthic Habitat: GeoHAB Atlas of Seafloor Geomorphic Features and Benthic Habitats.},
	year = {2012},
	pages = {681{\textendash}690},
	publisher = {Elsevier},
	organization = {Elsevier},
	abstract = {This chapter provides the first characterization of the geomorphic features and benthic habitats of the Chella Bank, a flat-topped volcanic peak situated in the Eastern Alboran Sea, Western Mediterranean. The Chella Bank, also named "Seco de los Olivos," occurs along the upper slope of the Almeria Margin, showing a subcircular shape and covering a surface area of 100 km2 within a depth range of 70-700 m. High-resolution swath bathymetric mapping reveals three main large-scale morphological features on Chella Bank: the flat subhorizontal top and two main ridges, located to the west and to the east of the bank-top. Video tracks acquired in the area showed the occurrence of macrobenthic communities such as gorgonian assemblages (Callogorgia verticillata, Viminella flagellum), small patches of living cold-water corals (Madrepora oculata), and sponges (Fakelia ventilabrum). An automatic classification of multibeam data has been tested on the area as a predictive habitat mapping method, using backscatter characteristics (intensity, texture), and depth measurements as surrogate descriptors of the habitats recognized on the Chella Bank. The Chella Bank is one of the study areas of the LIFE-INDEMARES Project, which aims to contribute to the protection and sustainable use of the marine biodiversity in the Spanish seas. {\textcopyright} 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Alboran Sea, Geomorphology, Habitat mapping, Seamounts, swath bathymetry, Western Mediterranean},
	isbn = {9780123851406},
	doi = {10.1016/B978-0-12-385140-6.00049-9},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84884425529\&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},
	author = {Lo Iacono, Claudio and Gr{\`a}cia, Eul{\`a}lia G. and Bartolom{\'e}, Rafael and Coiras, Enrique and Jose Da{\~n}obeitia, Juan and Acosta, Juan}
}
@inbook {Gracia2012,
	title = {{A Margem Sul Portuguesa profunda}},
	booktitle = {Geologia de Portugal},
	year = {2012},
	pages = {961{\textendash}987},
	keywords = {Estratigrafia, Geologia regional, Margem Sul Portuguesa, Morfotect{\'o}nica, Sismotect{\'o}nica},
	url = {http://repositorio.lneg.pt/handle/10400.9/2252},
	author = {Gr{\'a}cia, Eul{\`a}lia and Gutscher, Marc-Andr{\'e} and Louren{\c c}o, Nuno and Abreu, M. P.}
}
@article {Garcia-Mayordomo2012,
	title = {{The Quaternary Active Faults Database of Iberia (QAFI v.2.0)}},
	journal = {Journal of Iberian Geology},
	volume = {38},
	number = {1},
	year = {2012},
	month = {sep},
	pages = {301{\textendash}318},
	abstract = {The Quaternary Active Faults Database of Iberia (QAFI) is an initiative lead by the Institute of Geology and Mines of Spain (Instituto Geol{\'o}gico y Minero de Espa{\~n}a, IGME) for building a public repository of scientific data regarding faults having documented activity during the last 2.59 Ma (Quaternary). QAFI also addresses a need to transfer geologic knowledge to practitioners of seismic hazard and risk in Iberia by identifying and characterizing seismogenic fault-sources. QAFI is populated by the information freely provided by more than 40 Earth science researchers, storing to date a total of 262 records. In this article we describe the development and evolution of the database, as well as its internal architecture. Additionally, a first global analysis of the data is provided with a special focus on length and slip-rate fault parameters. Finally, the database completeness and the internal consistency of the data are discussed. Even though QAFI v.2.0 is the most current resource for calculating fault-related seismic hazard in Iberia, the database is still incomplete and requires further review.},
	keywords = {Active fault, Iberia, Portugal, Quaternary, Seismic hazard, Spain},
	issn = {1886-7995},
	doi = {10.5209/rev\_JIGE.2012.v38.n1.39219},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84861912592\&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},
	author = {Garc{\'\i}a-Mayordomo, J. and Insua-Ar{\'e}valo, J.M. and Mart{\'\i}nez-D{\'\i}az, J.J. and Jim{\'e}nez-D{\'\i}az, A. and Mart{\'\i}n-Banda, R. and Mart{\'\i}n-Alfageme, S. and {\'A}lvarez-G{\'o}mez, J.A. and Rodr{\'\i}guez-Peces, M. and P{\'e}rez-L{\'o}pez, R. and Rodr{\'\i}guez-Pascua, M.A. and Masana, E. and Perea, H. and Mart{\'\i}n-Gonz{\'a}lez, F. and Giner-Robles, J. and Nemser, E.S. and Cabral, J.}
}
@article {Perea2012,
	title = {{Quaternary active tectonic structures in the offshore Bajo Segura basin (SE Iberian Peninsula {\textendash} Mediterranean Sea)}},
	journal = {Natural Hazards and Earth System Science},
	volume = {12},
	number = {10},
	year = {2012},
	month = {oct},
	pages = {3151{\textendash}3168},
	abstract = {The Bajo Segura fault zone (BSFZ) is the northern terminal splay of the Eastern Betic shear zone (EBSZ), a large left-lateral strike-slip fault system of sigmoid geometry stretching more than 450 km from Alicante to Almera. The BSFZ extends from the onshore Bajo Segura basin further into the Mediterranean Sea and shows a moderate instrumental seismic activity characterized by small earthquakes. Nevertheless, the zone was affected by large historical earthquakes of which the largest was the 1829 Torrevieja earthquake (<I>I</ I>EMS98 X). The onshore area of the BSFZ is marked by active transpressive structures (faults and folds), whereas the offshore area has been scarcely explored from the tectonic point of view. During the EVENT-SHELF cruise, a total of 10 high-resolution single-channel seismic sparker profiles were obtained along and across the offshore Bajo Segura basin. Analysis of these profiles resulted in (a) the identification of 6 Quaternary seismo-stratigraphic units bounded by five horizons corresponding to regional erosional surfaces related to global sea level lowstands; and (b) the mapping of the active sub-seafloor structures and their correlation with those described onshore. Moreover, the results suggest that the Bajo Segura blind thrust fault or the Torrevieja left-lateral strike-slip fault, with prolongation offshore, could be considered as the source of the 1829 Torrevieja earthquake. These data improve our understanding of present deformation along the BSFZ and provide new insights into the seismic hazard in the area. {\textcopyright} 2012. Author(s) CC Attribution 3.0 License.},
	issn = {1684-9981},
	doi = {10.5194/nhess-12-3151-2012},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84867926421\&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},
	author = {Perea, H. and Gr{\`a}cia, E. and Alfaro, P. and Bartolome, R. and Lo Iacono, C. and Moreno, X. and Masana, E.}
}
@article {Amblas2012,
	title = {{Survival of a submarine canyon during long-term outbuilding of a continental margin}},
	journal = {Geology},
	volume = {40},
	number = {6},
	year = {2012},
	month = {apr},
	pages = {543{\textendash}546},
	abstract = {Net-depositional submarine canyons are common in continental slope strata, but how they survive and prograde on constructional margins is poorly understood. In this study we present field evidence for the coevolution of a submarine canyon and the adjacent continental slope. Using a three-dimensional seismic data cube that images the Ebro margin (northwest Mediterranean), we identify a preserved canyon on a middle Pleistocene paleosurface and relate it directly to its expression on the present-day seafloor. A subparallel stacking pattern of seismic reflectors, similar to that seen between prograding clinoforms in intercanyon areas, is observed between the modern and paleocanyon thalwegs. The concavity of the modern long profile differs from the convex-concave long profile on the middle Pleistocene surface, suggesting a long-term change in canyon sedimentation. We interpret this change as a shift to a canyon dominated by turbidity currents from one strongly influenced by the pattern of sedimentation that built the open-slope canyon interfluves. We find support for our interpretation in previous studies of the Ebro margin. {\textcopyright} 2012 Geological Society of America.},
	issn = {0091-7613},
	doi = {10.1130/G33178.1},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84864298406\&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},
	author = {Amblas, D. and Gerber, T. P. and De Mol, B. and Urgeles, R. and Garcia-Castellanos, D. and Canals, M. and Pratson, L. F. and Robb, N. and Canning, J.}
}
@article {Urgeles2011,
	title = {{A review of undulated sediment features on Mediterranean prodeltas: distinguishing sediment transport structures from sediment deformation}},
	journal = {Marine Geophysical Research},
	volume = {32},
	number = {1-2},
	year = {2011},
	month = {apr},
	pages = {49{\textendash}69},
	abstract = {Most Mediterranean prodeltas show undulated sediment features on the foresets of their Holocene wedges. These features have been described all along the Mediterranean for the last 30 years and interpreted as either soft sediment deformation and incipient landsliding, and more recently, as sediment transport structures. We perform a review and detailed analysis of these undulated sediment features using ultrahigh-resolution seismic and bathymetric data as well as geotechnical information and hydrodynamic time series and hydrographic transects. In this study we show that the characteristics of the sediment undulations (configuration of the reflections down section and between adjacent undulations and overall morphologic characteristics) are incompatible with a genesis by sediment deformation alone and do not show evidence of sediment deformation in most cases. Various processes in the benthic boundary layer can be invoked to explain the variety of features observed in the numerous areas displaying sediment undulations. {\textcopyright} 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.},
	keywords = {Hyperpycnal flows, Internal waves, Prodeltas, Sediment waves, slope failure, Undulated sediments},
	issn = {0025-3235},
	doi = {10.1007/s11001-011-9125-1},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79961209935\&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},
	author = {Urgeles, Roger and Cattaneo, Antonio and Puig, Pere and Liquete, Camino and De Mol, Ben and Amblas, David and Sultan, Nabil and Trincardi, Fabio}
}
@article {LoIacono2011,
	title = {{Submarine canyon morphologies in the Gulf of Palermo (Southern Tyrrhenian Sea) and possible implications for geo-hazard}},
	journal = {Marine Geophysical Research},
	volume = {32},
	number = {1-2},
	year = {2011},
	month = {mar},
	pages = {127{\textendash}138},
	abstract = {The continental shelf and the upper slope of the Gulf of Palermo (Southern Tyrrhenian Sea) in the depth interval ranging from 50 to 1,500 m were mapped for the first time with Multi Beam echosounder and high resolution seismic. Seven submarine canyons are confined to the upper slope or indent the shelf-edge and enter the Palermo intraslope basin at a depth of around 1,300 m. The canyons evolved through concurrent top-down turbiditic processes and bottom-up retrogressive mass failures. Most of the mass failure features of the area are related to canyon-shaping processes and only few of them are not confined to the upper slope. In general, these features probably do not represent a significant tsunami hazard along the coast. The geological element that controls the evolution of the canyons and induces sediment instability corresponds to the steep slope gradient, especially in the western sector of the Gulf, where the steepest canyons are located. The structural features mapped in the Palermo offshore contributed to the regulation of mass failure processes in the area, with direct faults and antiform structures coinciding with some of the canyon heads. Furthermore, the occurrence of pockmarks and highs that probably consist of authigenic carbonates above faulted and folded strata suggests a local relationship between structural control, fluid escape processes and mass failure. This paper presents a valuable high-resolution morphologic dataset of the Gulf of Palermo, which constitutes a reliable base for evaluating the geo-hazard potential related to slope failure in the area. {\textcopyright} 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.},
	keywords = {Geo-hazard, Mass failure processes, Southern Mediterranean, Submarine canyons, Swath mapping},
	issn = {0025-3235},
	doi = {10.1007/s11001-011-9118-0},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79961169577\&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},
	author = {Lo Iacono, Claudio and Sulli, Attilio and Agate, Mauro and Lo Presti, Valeria and Pepe, Fabrizio and Catalano, Raimondo}
}
@article {Amblas2011,
	title = {{Transient erosion in the Valencia Trough turbidite systems, NW Mediterranean Basin}},
	journal = {Geomorphology},
	volume = {130},
	number = {3-4},
	year = {2011},
	month = {jul},
	pages = {173{\textendash}184},
	abstract = {Submarine canyons can efficiently drain sediments from continental margins just as river systems do in subaerial catchments. Like in river systems, submarine canyons are often arranged as complex drainage networks that evolve from patterns of erosion and deposition. In the present paper we use a morphometric analysis of submarine canyon-channel long-profiles to study the recent sedimentary history of the Valencia Trough turbidite system (VTTS) in the NW Mediterranean Sea. The VTTS is unique in that it drains sediment from margins with contrasting morphologies through a single "trunk" conduit, the Valencia Channel. The Valencia Channel has been active since the late Miocene, evolving in response to Plio-Quaternary episodes of erosion and deposition. The integrated analysis of long-profiles obtained from high-resolution bathymetric data across the entire turbidite system shows evidence for transient canyon incision in the form of knickpoints and hanging tributaries. Multiple factors appear to have triggered these periods of incision. These include a large debris flow at 11,500. yr. BP that disrupted the upper reaches of the VTTS and glacio-eustatic lowstands that forced shifting of sediment input to the VTTS. Based on these inferences, long-term time-averaged incision rates for the Valencia Channel have been estimated. The evidence we present strongly suggests that Foix Canyon has played a key role in the drainage dynamics of the VTTS in the past.This study builds conceptually on a recent modeling study that provides a morphodynamic explanation for the long-term evolution of submarine canyon thalweg profiles. The procedure and results from this work are of potential application to other submarine sediment drainage systems, past and present, including those containing mid-ocean type valleys like the Valencia Channel. {\textcopyright} 2011 Elsevier B.V.},
	keywords = {Knickpoints, Long-profiles, Submarine canyons, Transient erosion, Turbidity currents},
	issn = {0169555X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.geomorph.2011.03.013},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79956155543\&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},
	author = {Amblas, David and Gerber, Thomas P. and Canals, Miquel and Pratson, Lincoln F. and Urgeles, Roger and Lastras, Galderic and Calafat, Antoni M.}
}
@article {Garcia2011a,
	title = {{A two-phase adaptive finite element method for solid-fluid coupling in complex geometries}},
	journal = {International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids},
	volume = {66},
	number = {1},
	year = {2011},
	month = {may},
	pages = {82{\textendash}96},
	abstract = {In this paper we present a method to solve the Navier-Stokes equations in complex geometries, such as porous sands, using a finite-element solver but without the complexity of meshing the porous space. The method is based on treating the solid boundaries as a second fluid and solving a set of equations similar to those used for multi-fluid flow. When combined with anisotropic mesh adaptivity, it is possible to resolve complex geometries starting with an arbitrary coarse mesh. The approach is validated by comparing simulation results with available data in three test cases. In the first we simulate the flow past a cylinder. The second test case compares the pressure drop in flow through random packs of spheres with the Ergun equation. In the last case simulation results are compared with experimental data on the flow past a simplified vehicle model (Ahmed body) at high Reynolds number using large-eddy simulation (LES). Results are in good agreement with all three reference models. {\textcopyright} 2010 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd..},
	keywords = {Anisotropic mesh adaptivity, Ergun equation, Flow past a cylinder, Flow past sphere packs, Flow past the Ahmed body, Two-fluid approach},
	issn = {02712091},
	doi = {10.1002/fld.2249},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79953156921\&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},
	author = {Garcia, Xavier and Pavlidis, Dimitrios and Gorman, Gerard J. and Gomes, Jefferson L. M. A. and Piggott, Matthew D. and Aristodemou, Elsa and Mindel, Julian and Latham, John-Paul and Pain, Christopher C. and ApSimon, Helen}
}
@article {Nemser,
	title = {{Compilation of parameterized seismogenic sources in Iberia for the SHARE European-scale seismic source model.}},
	year = {2010},
	pages = {201{\textendash}204},
	keywords = {Database, Fault, Seismogenic, SHARE},
	isbn = {978-84-693-6088-0},
	url = {https://dspace.uevora.pt/rdpc/handle/10174/6247},
	author = {Nemser, E.S. and Garc{\'\i}a-Mayordomo, J. and Cabral, J. and Fonseca, J. and Mart{\'\i}nez-D{\'\i}az, J.J. and Alfaro Garc{\'\i}a, P. and {\`A}lvarez G{\'o}mez, J.A. and Atakan, K. and Aza{\~n}{\'o}n Hern{\'a}ndez, J.M. and Basili, R. and Besana-Ostman, G.M. and Bezzeghoud, M. and Borges, J.F. and Brum da Silveira, A. and Carlos Lopes, F. and Carvalho, J. and Dias, R.P. and Figueiredo, P.M. and Garc{\'\i}a Fern{\'a}ndez, M. and Giner Robles, J. and Gonzalez, A. and Gr{\`a}cia, E. and Gutierrez, F. and Insua Ar{\'e}valo, J.M. and Jim{\'e}nez, M.J. and Jim{\'e}nez-D{\'\i}az, A. and Lafuente Tom{\'a}s, P. and Lucha, P. and Madeira, J. and Martin Gonz{\'a}lez, F. and Masana, E. and Matias, L. and Moreno, X. and Ortu{\~n}o, M. and Perea, H. and P{\'e}rez L{\'o}pez, R. and Rodr{\'\i}guez Pascua, M.A. and Ruano, P. and Santanach, P. and Sanz de Galdeano, C. and Silva Barroso, P. and Silva, S. and Sim{\'o}n, J.L. and Terrinha, P. and Vilanova, S. and Villamor, P. and Wong, J.}
}
@article {Gracia2010,
	title = {{Holocene earthquake record offshore Portugal (SW Iberia): testing turbidite paleoseismology in a slow-convergence margin}},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {29},
	number = {9-10},
	year = {2010},
	month = {may},
	pages = {1156{\textendash}1172},
	abstract = {The SW margin of the Iberian Peninsula hosts the present-day boundary between the Eurasian and African Plates. Convergence (4-5 mm/yr) is accommodated through a wide deformation zone characterized by moderate magnitude seismic activity. This zone has also been the source of the most important seismic events in Western Europe, such as the 1755 Lisbon Earthquake and Tsunami and 1969 Horseshoe Earthquake. Despite efforts to identify active seismogenic structures in the Gulf of Cadiz in the last ten years, little is known about its paleoseismic history. The turbidite paleoseismology approach was applied for the first time in a low-rate convergent margin to determine the recurrence interval of large earthquake events that occurred in SW Iberia during the Holocene. Four sediment cores collected at strategically located sites offshore Portugal (i.e. Tagus Abyssal Plain, Infante Don Henrique Basin and Horseshoe Abyssal Plain) reveal that these deep-sea basins preserve a record of episodic deposition of turbidites. In the SW Iberian Margin excluding special climatic events, earthquakes are the most likely triggering mechanism for synchronous, widely-spaced distributed turbidites during the Holocene, when the sea level was relatively stable. Age correlation together with textural, mineralogical, physical properties and geochemical signatures of the new cores complemented by pre-existing multicores and gravity cores reveals a total of 7 widespread turbidite events for the Holocene. Precise dating of the most recent turbidite event (E1) based on 210Pb and 137Cs geochronology provides an age of AD 1971 {\textpm} 3. This age corresponds to a high-magnitude instrumental earthquake in the region: the 1969 Horseshoe Earthquake (Mw 8.0). Calibrated 14C ages of subsequent widespread turbidite events (E3 and E5) correlate with the dates of important historical earthquakes and paleotsunami deposits in the Gulf of Cadiz area, such as AD 1755 and 218 BC, respectively. If older synchronous events (E6, E8, and E10) with ages ranging from 4960-5510 yr BP to 8715-9015 yr BP are also taken into account, a great earthquake recurrence interval of about 1800 years is obtained for the Holocene. Our correlations suggest that the turbidite record may be considered as a proxy for paleoseismic activity in low-convergence rate margins, and a valuable complementary tool in earthquake and tsunami hazard assessment along the coasts of the Iberian Peninsula and North Africa. {\textcopyright} 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	issn = {02773791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.01.010},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77950629573\&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},
	author = {Gr{\'a}cia, Eul{\`a}lia and Vizcaino, Alexis and Escutia, Carlota and Asioli, Alessandra and Rod{\'e}s, {\'A}ngel and Pall{\`a}s, Raimon and Garcia-Orellana, Jordi and Lebreiro, Susana and Goldfinger, Chris}
}
@article {LoIacono2010,
	title = {{Large-scale bedforms along a tideless outer shelf setting in the western Mediterranean}},
	journal = {Continental Shelf Research},
	volume = {30},
	number = {17},
	year = {2010},
	month = {oct},
	pages = {1802{\textendash}1813},
	abstract = {High-resolution multibeam swath-bathymetry and sediment samples were collected across the outer shelf region of the Columbretes Islands (southern Ebro continental shelf, western Mediterranean Sea). Bathymetric data from the submerged part of the Columbretes volcanic system revealed the presence of three main relict sand bodies along the outer shelf, at 80-116. m depth range, above which asymmetric and slightly asymmetric large and very large 2D and 3D subaqueous dunes were observed. These bed features were recognized, mapped and quantified with the aim of evaluating their potential formation mechanisms in relation to the local hydrodynamic and morphologic settings of the area. Dunes range from 150 to 760. m in wavelength and from tens of centimeters to 3. m in height, and are among the longest ever recognized in an outer shelf region. These bedforms are mostly composed of medium-sized sandy sediments, presumably coming from the degraded relict sand bodies on top of which they have developed, mixed with fine fractions from the recent draping holocenic sediments. The orientation of the dunes is SSW, progressively turning W towards the southernmost sector of the area, following the trend of the shelf-edge. Contemporary hydrodynamic measurements at the Ebro continental shelf-edge show that recorded currents are insufficient to form the observed bedforms and that stronger currents are required for sediment mobilization and dune formation. Based on their morphology and orientation, it is proposed that these bedforms are produced by the action of the southward-flowing Liguro-Proven{\c c}al-Catalan (LPC) geostrophic current. The LPC probably reaches high near-bottom currents during energetic hydrodynamic events through interactions with the seafloor morphology of the study area. Subaqueous dunes are expected to be basically inactive features with respect to present-day processes, although they can be reactivated during high-energy events. The small $Δ$h/${\l}ambda$ ratio measured in the dune fields of the Columbretes shelf revealed that the dune heights fall below the values predicted by the Flemming (1988) global equation, as observed in other outer shelf settings also dominated by unidirectional flows. This may suggest a different morphodynamic character of large dunes formed on outer shelves in a micro-tidal regime. {\textcopyright} 2010 Elsevier Ltd.},
	keywords = {Continental shelf, Geomorphology, Subaqueous dunes, Swath mapping, Western Mediterranean},
	issn = {02784343},
	doi = {10.1016/j.csr.2010.08.005},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77957596289\&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},
	author = {Lo Iacono, Claudio and Guill{\'e}n, Jorge and Puig, Pere and Rib{\'o}, Marta and Ballesteros, Maria and Palanques, Albert and l{\'\i} Farr{\'a}n, Marcel and Acosta, Juan}
}
@article {Biescas2010,
	title = {{Seismic imaging of staircase layers below the Mediterranean Undercurrent}},
	journal = {Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers},
	volume = {57},
	number = {10},
	year = {2010},
	month = {oct},
	pages = {1345{\textendash}1353},
	abstract = {Seismic images of staircase layers at the bottom of the Mediterranean Undercurrent with a lateral coherence up to 50. km and a horizontal resolution of \~{}10m are presented. The images show clearly the interaction between these staircase layers and other flow structures such as meddies, seamounts and internal waves. The staircase layers were imaged during two different surveys that used different sound sources. Comparison between seismic images and historical oceanographic observations illustrates the importance of using a seismic source adapted to the vertical scale of the oceanographic target to be imaged. Wavelengths larger than the size of the staircase structure distort the image in the vertical. For optimal imaging, deconvolution of the data is required. {\textcopyright} 2010 Elsevier Ltd.},
	keywords = {Boundary mixing, Gulf of Cadiz, Meddy, Mediterranean Undercurrent, Seismic oceanography, Thermohaline staircase layers},
	issn = {09670637},
	doi = {10.1016/j.dsr.2010.07.001},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77956879722\&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},
	author = {Biescas, Berta and Armi, Larry and Sallares, Valenti and Gr{\'a}cia, Eul{\`a}lia}
}
@article {Falivene2010,
	title = {{Synthetic seismic models from outcrop-derived reservoir-scale three-dimensional facies models: The Eocene Ainsa turbidite system (southern Pyrenees)}},
	journal = {AAPG Bulletin},
	volume = {94},
	number = {3},
	year = {2010},
	month = {mar},
	pages = {317{\textendash}343},
	abstract = {This study uses one-dimensional convolution seismic models to better understand which features of slope turbidite systems can (or cannot) be observed on real seismic data, aiming to improve subsurface seismic interpretation. Synthetic seismic sections and cubes were built from reservoir-scale three-dimensional fades models of the outcropping Ainsa turbidite system. This turbidite system developed in a foredeep and wedge-top depositional setting within a slope system. The turbidite system consists of laterally and vertically stacked sandstone- and debrite-dominated channel fills, grading into heterolithic and mudstone units, with intercalations of slump-deformed mudstone-rich units. Typical petrophysical values for subsurface Cenozoic sediments were assumed for the seismic models, which are presented at 25-, 50-, and 75-Hz resolution. Seismic models enabled the comparison between architectural and faci{\`e}s distributions observed in the outcrops and the geological models to their possible seismic expression in the subsurface. Comparisons show how seismic expression degrades when seismic resolution decreases. By using models at different geological scales, the effects of each heterogeneity scale are identified. Precise delineation of the internal architecture and fades distribution within channel complexes is beyond the reach of all seismic frequendes. The position of channel complex tops and margins is uncertain because of thengradual character. Differentiating between sandstone- and debrite-filled channels is not straightforward, and bed-scale heterogendties within the sandstone-dominated channels are barely distinguishable in the seismic data. The net-to-gross predictive capability of root-mean-square amplitude extractions varies depending on the seismic frequency and unit thickness. Copyright {\textcopyright} 2010. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0149-1423},
	doi = {10.1306/08030908157},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77950302966\&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},
	author = {Falivene, O. and Arbu{\'e}s, P. and Ledo, J. and Benjumea, B. and Mu{\~n}oz, J. A. and Fern{\'a}ndez, O. and Mart{\'\i}nez, S.}
}
@article {Jones2009,
	title = {{Area selection for diamonds using magnetotellurics: Examples from southern Africa}},
	journal = {Lithos},
	volume = {112},
	year = {2009},
	month = {nov},
	pages = {83{\textendash}92},
	abstract = {Southern Africa, particularly the Kaapvaal Craton, is one of the world{\textquoteright}s best natural laboratories for studying the lithospheric mantle given the wealth of xenolith and seismic data that exist for it. The Southern African Magnetotelluric Experiment (SAMTEX) was launched to complement these databases and provide further constraints on physical parameters and conditions by obtaining information about electrical conductivity variations laterally and with depth. Initially it was planned to acquire magnetotelluric data on profiles spatially coincident with the Kaapvaal Seismic Experiment, however with the addition of seven more partners to the original four through the course of the experiment, SAMTEX was enlarged from two to four phases of acquisition, and extended to cover much of Botswana and Namibia. The complete SAMTEX dataset now comprises MT data from over 730 distinct locations in an area of over one million square kilometres, making SAMTEX the largest regional-scale MT experiment conducted to date. Preliminary images of electrical resistivity and electrical resistivity anisotropy at 100 km and 200 km, constructed through approximate one-dimensional methods, map resistive regions spatially correlated with the Kaapvaal, Zimbabwe and Angola Cratons, and more conductive regions spatially associated with the neighbouring mobile belts and the Rehoboth Terrane. Known diamondiferous kimberlites occur primarily on the boundaries between the resistive or isotropic regions and conductive or anisotropic regions. Comparisons between the resistivity image maps and seismic velocities from models constructed through surface wave and body wave tomography show spatial correlations between high velocity regions that are resistive, and low velocity regions that are conductive. In particular, the electrical resistivity of the sub-continental lithospheric mantle of the Kaapvaal Craton is determined by its bulk parameters, so is controlled by a bulk matrix property, namely temperature, and to a lesser degree by iron content and composition, and is not controlled by contributions from interconnected conducting minor phases, such as graphite, sulphides, iron oxides, hydrous minerals, etc. This makes quantitative correlations between velocity and resistivity valid, and a robust regression between the two gives an approximate relationship of Vs [m/s] = 0.045 * log(resistivity [ohm m]) + 4.5. {\textcopyright} 2009.},
	keywords = {Cratonic lithosphere, Diamond exploration, Electrical conductivity, Kaapvaal Craton, Sub-continental lithospheric mantle, Zimbabwe Craton},
	issn = {00244937},
	doi = {10.1016/j.lithos.2009.06.011},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-72149117671\&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},
	author = {Jones, Alan G. and Evans, Rob L. and Muller, Mark R. and Hamilton, Mark P. and Miensopust, Marion P. and Garcia, Xavier and Cole, Patrick and Ngwisanyi, Tiyapo and Hutchins, David and Fourie, C.J.S. and Jelsma, Hielke and Evans, Shane and Aravanis, Theo and Pettit, Wayne and Webb, Sue and Wasborg, Jan}
}
@article {DelaPuente2009,
	title = {{Dynamic rupture modeling on unstructured meshes using a discontinuous Galerkin method}},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research},
	volume = {114},
	number = {B10},
	year = {2009},
	month = {oct},
	pages = {B10302},
	publisher = {American Geophysical Union},
	abstract = {10 pages, 10 figures, 5 tables},
	issn = {0148-0227},
	doi = {10.1029/2008JB006271},
	url = {http://digital.csic.es/handle/10261/83876},
	author = {De La Puente, J. and Ampuero, J.-P. and Kaser, M.}
}
@article {Muller2009,
	title = {{Lithospheric structure, evolution and diamond prospectivity of the Rehoboth Terrane and western Kaapvaal Craton, southern Africa: Constraints from broadband magnetotellurics}},
	journal = {Lithos},
	volume = {112},
	year = {2009},
	month = {nov},
	pages = {93{\textendash}105},
	abstract = {A 1400~km-long, 2-D magnetotelluric (MT) profile, consisting of 69 sites at 20~km intervals, across the western part of the Archaean Kaapvaal Craton, the Proterozoic Rehoboth Terrane and the Late Proterozoic/Early Phanerozoic Ghanzi-Chobe/Damara Belt reveals significant lateral heterogeneity in the electrical resistivity structure of the southern African lithosphere. The lithospheric structures of the Rehoboth Terrane and Ghanzi-Chobe/Damara Belt have not been imaged previously by geophysical methods. Temperature is the primary control on the resistivity of mantle minerals, and the MT derived lithospheric thicknesses therefore provide a very reasonable proxy for the "thermal" thickness of the lithosphere (i.e., the thickness defined by the intersection of a conductive geotherm with the mantle adiabat), allowing approximate present-day geotherms to be calculated. The work indicates the following present-day average lithospheric thicknesses, to a precision of about {\textpm} 20~km, for each of the terranes traversed (inferred geotherms in brackets): Eastern Kimberley Block of the Kaapvaal Craton 220~km (41~mW m- 2), Western Kimberley Block 190~km (44~mW m- 2), Rehoboth Terrane 180~km (45~mW m- 2) and Ghanzi-Chobe/Damara Belt 160~km (48~mW m- 2). A clear relationship between the electrical resistivity structure of the lithosphere and the tectonic stabilisation-age of the terrane is evident. Good agreement between the inferred present-day lithospheric geotherms and surface heat flow measurements indicate the latter are strongly controlled by variations in lithospheric thickness. A significant difference in lithospheric thickness is observed between the Eastern and Western Kimberley blocks, and is consistent with previous seismic tomography images of the Kaapvaal Craton. The present-day lithospheric thickness, and reduced depth extent into the diamond stability field, accounts for the absence of diamondiferous kimberlites in the Gibeon and Gordonia kimberlite fields in the Rehoboth Terrane. Previously published mantle xenolith P-T arrays from the Gibeon, Gordonia and Kimberley fields, however, suggest that the Rehoboth Terrane had equilibrated to a cooler conductive palaeo-geotherm (40-42~mW m- 2 ), very similar to that of Eastern Kimberley Block of the Kaapvaal Craton, at some time prior to the Mesozoic eruption of the kimberlites. The timing and nature of both the thermal equilibration of the Rehoboth Terrane, and the subsequent lithospheric heating/thinning event required to account for its present-day lithospheric structure, are not well constrained. A model consisting of the penetration of heat transporting magmas into the lithosphere, with associated chemical refertilisation, at an early stage of Mesozoic thermalism appears to be the most plausible model at present to account for both the present-day lithospheric structure of the Rehoboth Terrane and an earlier, cooler palaeo-geotherm. Some problems, however, remain unresolved in terms of the isostatic response of the model. Based on a compilation of xenocryst Cr/Ca-in-pyrope barometry observations, the extent of depleted mantle in the Rehoboth Terrane is found to be significantly reduced with respect to the Eastern Kimberley Block: 117~km versus 138-167~km. It appears most likely that the depletion depth in both terranes, at least in the vicinity of kimberlite eruption, is explained by refertilisation of the lower lithospheric mantle. {\textcopyright} 2009.},
	keywords = {Diamond, Geotherm, Lithosphere, Magnetotellurics, Southern Africa, Xenolith},
	issn = {00244937},
	doi = {10.1016/j.lithos.2009.06.023},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-72049130282\&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},
	author = {Muller, M.R. and Jones, A.G. and Evans, R.L. and Gr{\"u}tter, H.S. and Hatton, C. and Garcia, X. and Hamilton, M.P. and Miensopust, M.P. and Cole, P. and Ngwisanyi, T. and Hutchins, D. and Fourie, C.J. and Jelsma, H.A. and Evans, S.F. and Aravanis, T. and Pettit, W. and Webb, S.J. and Wasborg, J.}
}
@article {Palomeras2009,
	title = {{Nature of the lithosphere across the Variscan orogen of SW Iberia: Dense wide-angle seismic reflection data}},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research},
	volume = {114},
	number = {B2},
	year = {2009},
	month = {feb},
	pages = {B02302},
	abstract = {Two wide-angle seismic transects have been acquired across the SW Iberian Massif. They crossed three major geological zones (South Portuguese Zone, Ossa-Morena Zone, and Central Iberian Zone), with their tectonic contacts and the Pyrite Belt being of greatest interest. A total of 690 digital seismic recording instruments (650 Texans and 40 Reftek 3 component units) from the IRIS-PASSCAL Instrument Pool were used. The transects (A and B) are each approximately 300 km long and consist of 3 and 6 shot points, respectively, with an approximately 60-km shot point interval. The charge sizes range from 1000 kg at the edges to 500 kg at the center. These recently acquired experiments were designed to provide velocity constraints on the lithosphere and to complement the previously acquired normal incidence seismic profile IBERSEIS. Both data sets are part of the SW Iberia project, which was developed within the EUROPROBE program and designed to address fundamental questions about the nature and dynamics of the Variscan lithosphere. The acquisition parameters provide closely spaced wide-angle seismic images of the lithosphere beneath SW Iberia. In transect A, the station spacing was on average 400 m, while along transect B, the receiver spacing was approximately 150 m. Because of this close trace spacing, the lateral continuity of the seismic arrivals is greatly improved. Frequency analysis revealed that the recorded events feature relatively low frequencies (6-25 Hz). After processing, the shot records show high-amplitude and well-defined arrivals. The interpreted PmP arrival, located at approximately 11 s (normal incidence traveltime), is characterized by high amplitude and relatively low frequency (6-12 Hz). A well-defined Pn arrival appears at offsets beyond 120 km. At far offsets greater than 180 km, an upper mantle reflection is observed. Furthermore, within the upper crust, the shots records feature a relatively high-velocity arrival, located at 4-5-s normal incidence traveltime. The analysis of this arrival indicates that it probably corresponds to the top of the Iberian Reflective Body identified in the IBERSEIS deep seismic profile. The velocity models obtained by forward modeling show a complex crust, especially in the middle crust. The velocity models are the most detailed ones that have been produced in the area and contain a large amount of new features that are relevant to the understanding of the composition of the crust and upper mantle beneath the zone. The velocity depth functions derived from the velocity models have higher middle crustal velocities than the average in other continental areas. A comparison between laboratory seismic velocity measurements and the velocities of the models was carried out in order to estimate the crustal and the upper mantle composition. Results indicate that the high middle crust velocities correspond to rocks of a mafic composition. The combined data set reveals new aspects related to the lithospheric evolution of this transpressive orogen and allows us to attempt an interpretative cross section of the upper lithosphere in SW Iberia. {\textcopyright} 2009.},
	issn = {0148-0227},
	doi = {10.1029/2007JB005050},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-66149180585\&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},
	author = {Palomeras, I. and Carbonell, R. and Flecha, I. and Simancas, F. and Ayarza, P. and Matas, J. and Mart{\'\i}nez Poyatos, D. and Azor, A. and Gonz{\'a}lez Lodeiro, F. and P{\'e}rez-Esta{\'u}n, A.}
}
@article {Garcia2009,
	title = {{Numerical study of the effects of particle shape and polydispersity on permeability}},
	journal = {Physical Review E},
	volume = {80},
	number = {2},
	year = {2009},
	month = {aug},
	pages = {021304},
	abstract = {We study through numerical simulations the dependence of the hydraulic permeability of granular materials on the particle shape and the grain size distribution. Several models of sand are constructed by simulating the settling under gravity of the grains; the friction coefficient is varied to construct packs of different porosity. The size distribution and shapes of the grains mimic real sands. Fluid flow is simulated in the resulting packs using a finite element method and the permeability of the packs is successfully compared with available experimental data. Packs of nonspherical particles are less permeable than sphere packs of the same porosity. Our results indicate that the details of grain shape and size distribution have only a small effect on the permeabilty of the systems studied. {\textcopyright} 2009 The American Physical Society.},
	issn = {1539-3755},
	doi = {10.1103/PhysRevE.80.021304},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-70349241904\&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},
	author = {Garcia, Xavier and Akanji, Lateef and Blunt, Martin and Matthai, Stephan and Latham, John}
}
@article {Zitellini2009,
	title = {{The quest for the Africa{\textendash}Eurasia plate boundary west of the Strait of Gibraltar}},
	journal = {Earth and Planetary Science Letters},
	volume = {280},
	number = {1-4},
	year = {2009},
	month = {apr},
	pages = {13{\textendash}50},
	abstract = {The missing link in the plate boundary between Eurasia and Africa in the central Atlantic is presented and discussed. A set of almost linear and sub parallel dextral strike-slip faults, the SWIM11SWIM is the acronym of the ESF EuroMargins project "Earthquake and Tsunami hazards of active faults at the South West Iberian Margin: deep structure, high-resolution imaging and paleoseismic signature". Faults, that form a narrow band of deformation over a length of 600~km coincident with a small circle centred on the pole of rotation of Africa with respect to Eurasia, was mapped using a new swath bathymetry compilation available in the area offshore SW Portugal. These faults connect the Gloria Fault to the Rif-Tell Fault Zone, two segments of the plate boundary between Africa and Eurasia. The SWIM faults cut across the Gulf of Cadiz, in the Atlantic Ocean, where the 1755 Great Lisbon earthquake, M \~{} 8.5-8.7, and tsunami were generated, providing a new insight on its source location. {\textcopyright} 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Africa-Eurasia plate boundary, Great Lisbon Earthquake, Gulf of Cadiz, Iberia, Nubia},
	issn = {0012821X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.epsl.2008.12.005},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-62749129333\&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},
	author = {Zitellini, N. and Gr{\`a}cia, E. and Matias, L. and Terrinha, P. and Abreu, M.A. and DeAlteriis, G. and Henriet, J.P. and Da{\~n}obeitia, J.J. and Masson, D.G. and Mulder, T.}
}
@article {Lebreiro2009,
	title = {{Sediment instability on the Portuguese continental margin under abrupt glacial climate changes (last 60kyr)}},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {28},
	number = {27-28},
	year = {2009},
	month = {dec},
	pages = {3211{\textendash}3223},
	abstract = {It is well established that orbital scale sea-level changes generated larger transport of sediments into the deep-sea during the last glacial maximum than the Holocene. However, the response of sedimentary processes to abrupt millennial-scale climate variability is rather unknown. Frequency of distal turbidites and amounts of advected detrital carbonate are estimated off the Lisbon-Set{\'u}bal canyons (core MD03-2698, at 4602 mwd), within a chronostratigraphy based on radiometric ages, oxygen isotopes and paleomagnetic key global anomalies. We found that: 1) higher frequency of turbidites concurred with Northern Hemisphere coldest temperatures (Greenland Stadials [GS], including Heinrich [H] events). But more than that, an escalating frequency of turbidites starts with the onset of global sea-level rising (and warming in Antarctica) and culminates during H events, at the time when rising is still in its early-mid stage, and the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is re-starting. This short time span coincides with maximum gradients of ocean surface and bottom temperatures between GS and Antarctic warmings (Antarctic Isotope Maximum; AIM 17, 14, 12, 8, 4, 2) and rapid sea-level rises. 2) Trigger of turbidity currents is not the only sedimentary process responding to millennial variability; land-detrital carbonate (with a very negative bulk $δ$18O signature) enters the deep-sea by density-driven slope lateral advection, accordingly during GS. 3) Possible mechanisms to create slope instability on the Portuguese continental margin are sea-level variations as small as 20 m, and slope friction by rapid deep and intermediate re-accommodation of water masses circulation. 4) Common forcing mechanisms appear to drive slope instability at both millennial and orbital scales. {\textcopyright} 2009.},
	issn = {02773791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.08.007},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-70549094210\&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},
	author = {Lebreiro, S.M. and Voelker, A.H.L. and Vizcaino, A. and Abrantes, F.G. and Alt-Epping, U. and Jung, S. and Thouveny, N. and Gr{\`a}cia, E.}
}
@article {Flecha2009,
	title = {{Seismic imaging and modelling of the lithosphere of SW-Iberia}},
	journal = {Tectonophysics},
	volume = {472},
	number = {1-4},
	year = {2009},
	month = {jul},
	pages = {148{\textendash}157},
	abstract = {Data from a closely spaced wide-angle transect has been used to study the middle-to-lower crust and the Moho in SW-Iberia. A low-fold wide-angle stack image reveals a highly heterogeneous seismic signature at lower-crustal levels changing laterally along the profile. The lower crust features an irregular distribution of the reflectivity that can be explained by a heterogeneous distribution of physical properties. The Moho discontinuity also features a high variability in its seismic character that correlates with the different tectonic terranes in the area. A 2D finite difference code was used for solving the elastic wave equation and to provide synthetic wide-angle shots. Relatively simple layer cake model derived from conventional refraction interpretation generates the main events of the shot records. However, these models cannot account for the lateral variability of the seismic signature. In order to obtain more realistic simulations, the velocity model was modified introducing stochastic lensing at different levels within the crust. The Moho was modelled as a 3~km thick layered structure. The resulting average velocity models include a high velocity layer at mid-crustal depth, a highly reflective lower crust and a relatively thin horizontal Moho. This heterogeneous model can be achieved by lensing within the crust, a layered mafic intrusion and a strongly laminated lower crust and Moho. {\textcopyright} 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {Crustal heterogeneities, Mafic intrusions, Wide-angle stack},
	issn = {00401951},
	doi = {10.1016/j.tecto.2008.05.033},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-67349173557\&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},
	author = {Flecha, I. and Palomeras, I. and Carbonell, R. and Simancas, F. and Ayarza, P. and Matas, J. and Gonz{\'a}lez-Lodeiro, F. and P{\'e}rez-Esta{\'u}n, A.}
}
@article {Simancas2009,
	title = {{Tectonic relationships of Southwest Iberia with the allochthons of Northwest Iberia and the Moroccan Variscides}},
	journal = {Comptes Rendus Geoscience},
	volume = {341},
	number = {2-3},
	year = {2009},
	month = {feb},
	pages = {103{\textendash}113},
	abstract = {The Iberian Massif poses a problem of relationships between its northwestern and southern parts. Suture terranes (ophiolites and high-pressure rocks) crop out in NW Iberia but only as allochthonous units, unconnected from their root zone. Sutures cropping out in SW Iberia are discussed in order to relate them to the unknown root of the NW Iberia allochthons. On the other hand, the Moroccan Variscides are very briefly presented with a view to propose their correlation with the Iberian zones. Particularly important is the transition from the Variscides to the Paleoproterozoic basement in Morocco, which is a key argument for palaeogeographic reconstructions. {\textcopyright} 2008 Acad{\'e}mie des sciences.},
	keywords = {Correlations, Iberia, Morocco, Sutures, Variscan orogen},
	issn = {16310713},
	doi = {10.1016/j.crte.2008.11.003},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-63049089339\&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},
	author = {Simancas, Jos{\'e} Fernando and Azor, Antonio and Mart{\'\i}nez-Poyatos, David and Tahiri, Abdelfatah and El Hadi, Hassan and Gonz{\'a}lez-Lodeiro, Francisco and P{\'e}rez-Esta{\'u}n, Andr{\'e}s and Carbonell, Ram{\'o}n}
}
@conference {Shariat-Panahi2008,
	title = {{Design, Characterization and Calibration of a Short-Period Ocean Bottom Seismometer (OBS)}},
	booktitle = {2008 IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference},
	year = {2008},
	month = {may},
	pages = {495{\textendash}500},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	abstract = {First part of this paper presents an Ocean Bottom Seismometers (OBS) designed and constructed for mid-term deployments in order to study the earth dynamics and internal structure. Many marine research institutes have developed such equipment, however there is no standard method for their characterization and calibration. The second part discusses the characterization tests based on the international standards carried out to present the specifications of the equipment built. Calibration of the constructed OBS is carried out through an oceanographic cruise using a widely used reference OBS. Data quality of the instruments is evaluated by direct inspection of the corresponding seismic record sections. {\textcopyright}2008 IEEE.},
	keywords = {Analog-to-digital converter, Calibration, Datalogger, Dynamic range, Effective number of bits, Geophone, Jitter, Ocean bottom seismometer (OBS), Seismic record section, Time base},
	isbn = {978-1-4244-1540-3},
	issn = {10915281},
	doi = {10.1109/IMTC.2008.4547086},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-51349130474\&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},
	author = {Shariat-Panahi, S. and M{\`a}nuel, A. and Alegria, F. and Roset, X. and Bermudez, A. and Sallar{\`e}s, V.}
}
@article {Ercilla2008,
	title = {{High-resolution seismic stratigraphy of the Galicia Bank Region and neighbouring abyssal plains (NW Iberian continental margin)}},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {249},
	number = {1-2},
	year = {2008},
	month = {mar},
	pages = {108{\textendash}127},
	abstract = {The high-resolution seismic stratigraphy of the Galicia Bank Region and adjacent deposits of the neighbouring Iberian and Biscay Abyssal Plains was included as part of the geological studies conducted in the area where the oil-tanker Prestige wreck is located. This seismic stratigraphy is characterized by five seismic units (5 to 1, from oldest to youngest) lying above an irregular acoustic basement defined by a highly fractured system of horsts and grabens. These faulted systems have controlled the local depositional architecture, deforming, fracturing, relocating and distributing sediments since the Valanginian. Three depositional models of facies can be recognized on the Galicia Bank Region and surrounding abyssal plains: bank, escarpment, and abyssal plain facies. The bank facies reflects the depositional evolution from initial filling to obliterating stages of the horsts and grabens. The escarpment facies has a local distribution and represents deposition associated with active slopes of the faulted escarpments. The abyssal plain facies represents gravity flow deposits coming mostly from the bounded-fault flanks of the Galicia Bank Region. The Valanginian to Quaternary sedimentary evolution of the Galicia Bank Region reflects depositional responses to tectonic condition. The occurrence of mass-movements confirms that the syn-rift period (Valanginian to Aptian age) along the Galicia margin was diachronous, beginning in the Interior Basin and shifting later toward the west of the Galicia Bank Region (Deep Galicia Margin). The Albian to Quaternary post-rift evolution is characterized by a decrease in tectonic activity and sedimentary variations in the style of deposition (valley and related features, mass-movement deposits, contourites, and drape deposits) conditioned by changes in the sedimentary processes, paleoenvironments, and tectonic reactivation of the regional slopes. The effects of tectonic movements persist, as evidenced in areas where faulted escarpments and highs outcrop, and in areas of near-surface faulting. The syn-rift and post-rift stages have also conditioned the depositional architecture of the Prestige sinking area. The evolution of the surrounding abyssal plains does not reflect the same pattern to tectonic condition. {\textcopyright} 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {facies architecture, Galicia Bank, high-resolution seismic profiles, sedimentary evolution, seismic facies, stratigraphy},
	issn = {00253227},
	doi = {10.1016/j.margeo.2007.09.009},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-39649109232\&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},
	author = {Ercilla, G. and Garc{\'\i}a-Gil, S. and Estrada, F. and Gr{\`a}cia, E. and Vizcaino, A. and V{\'a}quez, J.T. and D{\'\i}az, S. and Vilas, F. and Casas, D. and Alonso, B. and Da{\~n}obeitia, J. and Farran, M.}
}
@conference {Shariat-Panahi2008a,
	title = {{Ocean Bottom Seismometer (OBS): An instrument for marine seismic data acquisition}},
	booktitle = {2008 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics},
	year = {2008},
	month = {jun},
	pages = {1183{\textendash}1186},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	abstract = {The OBS (Ocean Bottom Seismoemter) has been a key instrument for geophysical study of sea sub-bottom layers in the last decades. Now scientists are demanding highly relaible autonomous equipment capable of staying underwater for long periods of time and therefore handling large data storage. Power consumption of the acquisition system as well as a stable time base with temperature are the main issues in order to achieve high autonomy together with a good data quality. This paper presents a new Ocean Bottom Seismometer designed to be used in marine mid-term surveys. To achieve our goals, a new low power datalogger with high resolution and Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) based on Compactflash memory card is designed to enable continous data acquisition. The equipment has been evaluated in real environmental conditions during a test cruise in 2006. {\textcopyright} 2008 IEEE.},
	keywords = {Acquisition system, Analog to digital converter, Geophone, Ocean bottom seismometer (OBS)},
	isbn = {978-1-4244-1665-3},
	doi = {10.1109/ISIE.2008.4677225},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-57849111983\&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},
	author = {Shariat-Panahi, S. and M{\`a}nuel, A. and Bermudez, A. and Ambros, M. and Sallar{\`e}s, V. and Molino, E.}
}
@article {LoIacono2008,
	title = {{Seafloor characterization and backscatter variability of the Almer{\'\i}a Margin (Alboran Sea, SW Mediterranean) based on high-resolution acoustic data}},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {250},
	number = {1-2},
	year = {2008},
	month = {apr},
	pages = {1{\textendash}18},
	abstract = {An acoustic study of the Almer{\'\i}a Margin (eastern Alboran Sea, SW Mediterranean) was carried out by means of an integrated dataset, comprising deep-towed TOBI sidescan sonar, swath-bathymetry, TOPAS high-resolution seismics and sediment gravity cores. The Almer{\'\i}a Margin is a complex system dominated by volcanic and tectonic features shaped by recent sedimentary processes, in which a regional hemipelagic sedimentation is intercalated by sporadic gravitative events. The aim of this work is twofold. The first objective is to recognize the sedimentary and tectonic features that shape the Almeria Margin. The main morpho-sedimentary and morpho-structural elements observed are: the Almer{\'\i}a canyon/channel Turbidite System, the Dal{\'\i}as Tributary Valley System, landslides, active faults and folds and volcanic banks. The second aim is to explore and quantify the surface and subsurface seafloor parameters that characterize the backscatter of the study area. Sedimentary, geomorphological and biological elements that play a role in the acoustic signature of the Almer{\'\i}a Margin were detected. Nevertheless, it should be noted that seafloor acoustic backscatter is also affected by geometrical and instrumental factors. Despite the wide variability of the environments studied, a low average acoustic backscatter reflects a diffused draping of hemipelagic sedimentation in the area. Higher backscatter values were observed at the top of some volcanic banks, along the Almer{\'\i}a canyon, and in the shallower sector of the Dal{\'\i}as tributary valley system. The influence of subseafloor properties in the acoustic signature of the area was revealed by backscatter-grain size correlations, which were carried out for different depth intervals in sediment cores collected in the Almer{\'\i}a Turbidite System. A poor relationship was found between backscatter and superficial silty sediments of the area, whereas a higher correlation resulted in the upper 50~cm. The presence of subsurface turbidites in the cores associated with the higher backscatter values suggests volume interface scattering of these sandy layers as a controlling factor of the acoustic signature obtained in the Almer{\'\i}a Margin. On the other hand, in rough settings such as the ones observed in the Dal{\'\i}as Tributary Valley System, topographic relief of up to 1-1.5~m strongly interacted with the TOBI acoustic pulse. This suggests that large-scale roughness is an additional parameter that characterizes the acoustic strength of the area. Extremely high reflective patches distributed along some of the volcanic banks (Chella and Pollux Banks) for depths ranging from 230 to 470~m coincide with areas where carbonate cold water coral mounds develop. In the TOBI images, coral facies reach the maximum value of acoustic backscatter, which is probably related to the rough morphology of coral ecosystems. The position of coral mounds in the banks suggests that the occurrence of strong bottom currents and reduced sedimentary inputs are environmental factors that favour their settling and development in the Almer{\'\i}a Margin. {\textcopyright} 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {backscatter, coral mounds, deep-towed sidescan sonar TOBI, high-resolution seismics, Mediterranean Sea, South Iberian Margin, swath-bathymetry},
	issn = {00253227},
	doi = {10.1016/j.margeo.2007.11.004},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-41349119993\&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},
	author = {Lo Iacono, Claudio and Gr{\'a}cia, Eul{\`a}lia and Diez, Susana and Bozzano, Graziella and Moreno, Ximena and Da{\~n}obeitia, Juanjo and Alonso, Bel{\'e}n}
}
@booklet {McIntosh2007,
	title = {{The Nicaragua Convergent Margin: Seismic Reflection Imaging of the Source of a Tsunami Earthquake}},
	journal = {The seismogenic zone of subduction thrust faults},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {257{\textendash}287},
	publisher = {University of British Columbia Press},
	abstract = {Peer Reviewed},
	isbn = {isbn: 978-0-231-13866-6},
	url = {http://digital.csic.es/handle/10261/108405},
	author = {McIntosh, Kirk D and Silver, Eli a and Ahmed, Imtiaz and Berhorst, Arnim and Ranero, C{\'e}sar R and Kelly, Robyn K and Flueh, Ernst R}
}
@conference {Urgeles2007,
	title = {{Scientific Ocean Drilling Behind the Assessment of Geo-hazards from Submarine Slides}},
	booktitle = {Eos},
	volume = {88},
	number = {17},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {192},
	issn = {00963941},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-34249827905\&partnerID=tZOtx3y1},
	author = {Urgeles, Roger and Camerlenghi, Angelo and Ercilla, Gemma and Anselmetti, Flavio and Br{\"u}ckmann, Warner and Canals, Miquel and Gr{\'a}cia, Eul{\`a}lia and Locat, Jacques and Krastel, Sebastian and Solheim, Anders}
}
